Most of the time I use a big, live chub, regardless of ice, snow, or water clarity. I've had great luck.
I do use a spoon inline, with hooks removed to weight my minnow. Provides extra flash.
I also like to jig a firetiger spoon tipped with a big minnow. I use this to rustle up some fun when things are slow, or mess with short fish when they are in the hole.
For fakes, red and white is tough to beat. If my live chub isn't working, I'll raise it up and swim the fake. A lot of time I'll swim both, with the fake being the low deke, and the live minnow being the higher one.
I think weather and pressure has more to do with how fish react more than anything. Seems my best days are before a warm front.