My theory for open water and ice is the dirtier or tea stained the water the more dark of a jig or lure i go, the clearer the more lighter and shiny i go. That goes for light penetration as well, big snow back i go darker. Also when i am chasing blue gills or perch around, if i am fishing in 10 feet and under with clearish ice i almost always go with gold, more then 10 feet i ditch the gold.
Honestly though i almost always start off with a tungsten glow fire tiger color pattern with a maki plastic with a contrasting color to the jig specifically from clam (scented is why) and tipped with a waxy as well. If that doesn't work and they arent biting i start switching colors up and sometimes size from 1 gram up to 2 grams. I almost always use a maki since those little sh!t blue gill can strip a waxy on you and will come back for another bite 50% of the time, just gives me one more shot at them before i need to rebait, plus the action of a maki just adds one more thing to bite on.
The only time i deviate from this is for trout, shiny all the time... and I only use UV color patterns with walleyes for the most part, will see with the new glo shot spoon though on that front. But for everything else the theory seems to hold true, even with pike. This is just my experience.